2015 |
Justin, Tadej; Štruc, Vitomir; Dobrišek, Simon; Vesnicer, Boštjan; Ipšić, Ivo; Mihelič, France Speaker de-identification using diphone recognition and speech synthesis Proceedings Article In: 11th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (IEEE FG): DeID 2015, pp. 1–7, IEEE 2015. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: DEID, FG, speech deidentification, speech recognition, speech synthesis, speech technologies @inproceedings{justin2015speaker,The paper addresses the problem of speaker (or voice) de-identification by presenting a novel approach for concealing the identity of speakers in their speech. The proposed technique first recognizes the input speech with a diphone recognition system and then transforms the obtained phonetic transcription into the speech of another speaker with a speech synthesis system. Due to the fact that a Diphone RecOgnition step and a sPeech SYnthesis step are used during the deidentification, we refer to the developed technique as DROPSY. With this approach the acoustical models of the recognition and synthesis modules are completely independent from each other, which ensures the highest level of input speaker deidentification. The proposed DROPSY-based de-identification approach is language dependent, text independent and capable of running in real-time due to the relatively simple computing methods used. When designing speaker de-identification technology two requirements are typically imposed on the deidentification techniques: i) it should not be possible to establish the identity of the speakers based on the de-identified speech, and ii) the processed speech should still sound natural and be intelligible. This paper, therefore, implements the proposed DROPSY-based approach with two different speech synthesis techniques (i.e, with the HMM-based and the diphone TDPSOLA- based technique). The obtained de-identified speech is evaluated for intelligibility and evaluated in speaker verification experiments with a state-of-the-art (i-vector/PLDA) speaker recognition system. The comparison of both speech synthesis modules integrated in the proposed method reveals that both can efficiently de-identify the input speakers while still producing intelligible speech. |
0000 |
Peter Rot Blaz Meden, Philipp Terhorst Privacy-Enhancing Face Biometrics: A Comprehensive Survey Journal Article In: IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. vol. 16, pp. 4147-4183, 0000. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: B-PETs, biometrics, DEID, deidentification, face deidentification, face recognition, FaceGEN, overview, privacy, privacy-enhancing techniques, survey @article{TIFS_PrivacySurvey,Biometric recognition technology has made significant advances over the last decade and is now used across a number of services and applications. However, this widespread deployment has also resulted in privacy concerns and evolving societal expectations about the appropriate use of the technology. For example, the ability to automatically extract age, gender, race, and health cues from biometric data has heightened concerns about privacy leakage. Face recognition technology, in particular, has been in the spotlight, and is now seen by many as posing a considerable risk to personal privacy. In response to these and similar concerns, researchers have intensified efforts towards developing techniques and computational models capable of ensuring privacy to individuals, while still facilitating the utility of face recognition technology in several application scenarios. These efforts have resulted in a multitude of privacy--enhancing techniques that aim at addressing privacy risks originating from biometric systems and providing technological solutions for legislative requirements set forth in privacy laws and regulations, such as GDPR. The goal of this overview paper is to provide a comprehensive introduction into privacy--related research in the area of biometrics and review existing work on textit{Biometric Privacy--Enhancing Techniques} (B--PETs) applied to face biometrics. To make this work useful for as wide of an audience as possible, several key topics are covered as well, including evaluation strategies used with B--PETs, existing datasets, relevant standards, and regulations and critical open issues that will have to be addressed in the future. |